LaTeX Workshop

# First Steps With `$\LaTeX$`

## A Brief and Practical Introduction

---
class: toc-irms

# Overview of Contents

---

# Who? What? Why? When? Where?

---

# Who is `$\LaTeX$` For?

---

# Who is `$\LaTeX$` For?

Not just your nerdy friend.

]
.pull-right[
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/welcome.gif" width="100%" />
]

---

# What is `$\LaTeX$`?

.pull-left[
- First release in 1984 -> `$\LaTeX$` is 42 years old!
- Markup language
- Handles typesetting and rendering
- Not WYSIWYG
]
.pull-right[

]

---

# What is `$\LaTeX$`?

.pull-left[
- First release in 1984 -> `$\LaTeX$` is 42 years old!
- Markup language
- Handles typesetting and rendering
- Not WYSIWYG
]
.pull-right[
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/mrl.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# Why should you learn about `$\LaTeX$`?

.pull-left[
1. Open-source!
2. It's forever!
3. It's beautiful!
4. It's customizable!
5. Referencing!
6. Bibliography!
7. Figures!
8. Tables!
9. Math!
]

]

---

# Why should you learn about `$\LaTeX$`?

.pull-left[
1. Open-source!
2. It's forever!
3. It's beautiful!
4. It's customizable!
5. Referencing!
6. Bibliography!
7. Figures!
8. Tables!
9. Math!

.pull-right[
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/standard.gif" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# When is `$\LaTeX$` useful?

---

# Where do you use `$\LaTeX$`?

.pull-left[
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/overleaf.png" width="70%" />
.footnote[Overleaf is where a lot of the content from this talk comes from: [Learn LaTeX in 30 minutes](https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Learn_LaTeX_in_30_minutes#What_is_LaTeX?)]
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/RStudio_logo_flat.svg" width="70%" />

<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/librepaper-logo.svg" width="70%" />
]

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# Getting Started with Overleaf

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document

]

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{natbib}
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*\usepackage{graphicx}
*\usepackage{natbib}
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*\usepackage{graphicx}
*\usepackage{natbib}
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*\usepackage{graphicx}
*\usepackage{natbib}
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

.pull-left[
- `\documentclass`: \[options\]
  - Font size: `10pt`, `11pt`, `12pt`
  - Paper size: `letterpaper`, `a4paper`
]

*\usepackage{graphicx}
*\usepackage{natbib}
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*\usepackage{graphicx}
*\usepackage{natbib}
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

]

*\usepackage{graphicx}
*\usepackage{natbib}
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

.pull-left[
- `\documentclass`: \[options\]
  - Font size: `10pt`, `11pt`, `12pt`
  - Paper size: `letterpaper`, `a4paper`
  - Columns: `onecolumn`, `twocolumn`
  - Orientation: `portrait`, `landscape`
- `\documentclass`: \{class\}
  - `article`, `book`, `report`
- Packages: `\usepackage`
]

*>\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
*>\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*>\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
*>\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
*@@\bibliographystyle{apalike}@@

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
*\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

*@@\bibliography{references.bib}@@

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
*\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*>\title{A Very Clever Title}
*>\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*>\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Preamble

*\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
*\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
*\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*>\title{A Very Clever Title}
*>\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
*>\date{@@\today@@}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
Blablabla...
\end{abstract}

\section{First Section}
\subsection{First Subsection}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Body

]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

*\begin{document}

*\maketitle

*\begin{abstract}
*Blablabla...
*\end{abstract}

*\section{First Section}
*\subsection{First Subsection}

*\bibliography{references.bib}

*\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Body

]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

*@@\begin{document}@@

*\maketitle

*\begin{abstract}
*Blablabla...
*\end{abstract}

*\section{First Section}
*\subsection{First Subsection}

*\bibliography{references.bib}

*@@\end{document}@@

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Body

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

*@@\begin{document}@@

*\maketitle

*\begin{abstract}
*Blablabla...
*\end{abstract}

*\section{First Section}
*\subsection{First Subsection}

*\bibliography{references.bib}

*@@\end{document}@@

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Body

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

*@@\begin{document}@@

*\maketitle

*@@\begin{abstract}@@
*Blablabla...
*@@\end{abstract}@@

*\section{First Section}
*\subsection{First Subsection}

*\bibliography{references.bib}

*@@\end{document}@@

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Body

.pull-left[
- `\begin{...}`, `\end{...}`: core structure of `$\LaTeX$`
- `\maketitle` points to `\title{}`
]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

*\begin{document}

*@@\maketitle@@

*\begin{abstract}
*Blablabla...
*\end{abstract}

*\section{First Section}
*\subsection{First Subsection}

*\bibliography{references.bib}

*\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Body

.pull-left[
- `\begin{...}`, `\end{...}`: core structure of `$\LaTeX$`
- `\maketitle` points to `\title{}`
- Sectioning hierarchy:
  - `\part`
  - `\chapter`: only in `book` and `report` class
  - `\section`
  - `\subsection`
  - `\subsubsection`
  - `\paragraph`
  - `\subparagraph`
]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

*\begin{document}

*\maketitle

*\begin{abstract}
*Blablabla...
*\end{abstract}

*>\section{First Section}
*>\subsection{First Subsection}

*\bibliography{references.bib}

*\end{document}

```
]

---

# The Structure of a `$\LaTeX$` Document: Exercise

.pull-left[
- In `working.tex`
- Add:
  - `fontenc` and `inputenc` packages
    - Allows accented characters in input and output
- Change:
  - Title
  - Author
]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

*\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
*\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

*\title{@@A Very Clever Title@@}
*\author{@@Gaby McCoolFace@@}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

...

\end{document}

```
]

---

# Basic Commands

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[

]

% Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that $80\%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every $2^{nd}$ Monday of each month to 
the \scc{Foundation}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `@@#@@`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
]

% Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that $80\%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every $2^{nd}$ Monday of each month to 
the \scc{@@Foundation@@}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special2.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `@@$@@`: math mode
]

% Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that @@$@@80\%@@$@@ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every @@$@@2^{nd}@@$@@ Monday of each month to 
the \scc{Foundation}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special3.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `$`: math mode
- `@@%@@`: comment
]

@@%@@ Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that $80\%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every $2^{nd}$ Monday of each month to 
the \scc{Foundation}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special4.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `$`: math mode
- `%`: comment
- `@@_@@`: subscripts
- `@@^@@`: superscripts
]

% Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that $80\%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every $2@@^@@{nd}$ Monday of each month to 
the \scc{Foundation}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special5.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `$`: math mode
- `%`: comment
- `_`: subscripts
- `^`: superscripts
- `@@{}@@`: open and close a command argument
]

.pull-right[
```
...
\newcommand@@{\scc}@@[1]@@{@@\textbf@@{@@Super~Cool~Cat@@}@@~#1@@}@@
...
\section@@{@@Introduction@@}@@

% Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that $80\%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every $2^@@{@@nd@@}@@$ Monday of each month to 
the \scc@@{@@Foundation@@}@@.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special6.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `$`: math mode
- `%`: comment
- `_`: subscripts
- `^`: superscripts
- `{}`: open and close a command argument
- `@@~@@`: non-breaking space (**espace insécable**)
]

.pull-right[
```
...
\newcommand{\scc}[1]{\textbf{Super@@~@@Cool@@~@@Cat}@@~@@#1}
...
\section{Introduction}

% Find a citation for this
Dr.@@~@@Dolittle says that $80\%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's \#1 fan, I 
donate \$1 every $2^{nd}$ Monday of each month to 
the \scc{Foundation}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special7.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `$`: math mode
- `%`: comment
- `_`: subscripts
- `^`: superscripts
- `{}`: open and close a command argument
- `~`: non-breaking space (**espace insécable**)
- `&`: separate columns in tables
]

]

---

# Basic Commands: Special Characters
.pull-left[
- `#`: define macros/placeholders (you won't need it)
- `$`: math mode
- `%`: comment
- `_`: subscripts
- `^`: superscripts
- `{}`: open and close a command argument
- `~`: non-breaking space (**espace insécable**)
- `&`: separate columns in tables
- `@@\@@`: escape character
]

.pull-right[
```
...
@@\@@newcommand{@@\@@scc}[1]{@@\@@textbf{Super~Cool~Cat}~#1}
...
@@\@@section{Introduction}

% Find a citation for this
Dr.~Dolittle says that $80@@\@@%$ of people who don't
like cats are not cool. As cat's @@\@@#1 fan, I 
donate @@\@@$1 every $2^{nd}$ Monday of each month to 
the @@\@@scc{Foundation}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/special9.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Functions
.pull-left[
]

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func1.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Functions
.pull-left[
- Text formatting:
  - **Bold**: `\textbf`
]

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
@@\textbf{bad measurement}@@\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func2.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Functions
.pull-left[
- Text formatting:
  - **Bold**: `\textbf`
  - *Italic*: `\textit`
]

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be @@\textit{right}@@.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func1.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot2.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Functions
.pull-left[
- Text formatting:
  - **Bold**: `\textbf`
  - *Italic*: `\textit`
  - .underline[Underline]: `\underline`
]

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is @@\underline{not}@@ 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func3.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Functions
.pull-left[
- Text formatting:
  - **Bold**: `\textbf`
  - *Italic*: `\textit`
  - .underline[Underline]:`\underline`
  - .tt[Typewriter]:`\texttt`
]

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
@@\texttt{catCoolness}@@ is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func4.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func5.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Functions
.pull-left[
- Text formatting:
  - **Bold**: `\textbf`
  - *Italic*: `\textit`
  - .underline[Underline]:`\underline`
  - .tt[Typewriter]:`\texttt`
- Sectioning: `\section`, `\subsection`, etc.
- Footnotes: `\footnote`, `\endnote`
]

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}@@\footnote{And they@@ 
@@would be \textit{right}.}@@, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func6.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot3.png" width="100%" />

]

---

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~@@\ref{bananasplit}@@ stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func7.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

\citet{adcock2001measurement} would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
@@\citep{sartori1970concept}@@.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func8.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

@@\citet{adcock2001measurement}@@ would call this 
\textbf{bad measurement}\footnote{And they 
would be \textit{right}.}, because
\texttt{catCoolness} is \underline{not} 
observable. The argument in 
Section~\ref{bananasplit} stretches the 
concept well past breaking 
\citep{sartori1970concept}.
...
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/func9.png" width="100%" />
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/funcfoot1.png" width="100%" />

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

\begin{center}
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
\end{center}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

\begin{itemize}
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
\end{itemize}

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments ??

\begin{center}
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
\end{center}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

\begin{itemize}
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
\end{itemize}

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

- Text alignment: `center`
]

@@\begin{center}@@
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
@@\end{center}@@

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

\begin{itemize}
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
\end{itemize}

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

- Text alignment: `center`, `flushright`
]

@@\begin{flushright}@@
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
@@\end{flushright}@@

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

\begin{itemize}
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
\end{itemize}

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

- Text alignment: `center`, `flushright`, `flushleft`
]

@@\begin{flushleft}@@
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
@@\end{flushleft}@@

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

\begin{itemize}
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
\end{itemize}

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

- Text alignment: `center`, `flushright`, `flushleft`
- List: `enumerate`
]

\begin{flushleft}
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
\end{flushleft}

@@\begin{enumerate}@@
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
@@\end{enumerate}@@

We test the following hypotheses:

\begin{itemize}
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
\end{itemize}

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

- Text alignment: `center`, `flushright`, `flushleft`
- List: `enumerate`, `itemize`
]

\begin{flushleft}
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
\end{flushleft}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

@@\begin{itemize}@@
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
@@\end{itemize}@@

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Environments

- Text alignment: `center`, `flushright`, `flushleft`
- List: `enumerate`, `itemize`, `description`
]

\begin{flushleft}
We conduct a survey among $2{,}000$ Canadian adults 
regarding their attitudes towards cats. Specifically, 
we collect information on attitudes towards:
\end{flushleft}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item Dogs
    \item Birds 
    \item Reptiles
\end{enumerate}

We test the following hypotheses:

@@\begin{description}@@
    \item H1: Cat lovers are more likely to not like dogs. 
    \item H2: Cat lovers are more likely to own a cat.
@@\end{description}@@

```

]

---

# Basic Commands: Exercise

.pull-left[
- In `working.tex`
- Replace the highlighted text with 3 sections
  - Name them: Introduction, Theory, Methods
- Write something in **bold** in the introduction.
- Write 3 hypotheses in the theory section under some sort of list.

]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

*\section{First Section}
*\subsection{First Subsection}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# Special Objects:
## Figures, Tables & Equations

---

# Special Objects: Figures

---

# Special Objects: Figures

@@\begin{figure}[h]@@
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
@@\end{figure}@@
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
*\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
*@@\includegraphics@@[width=\textwidth]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
*\includegraphics[@@width=\textwidth@@]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
@@\centering@@
*\includegraphics[width=@@0.5@@\textwidth]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{@@fig/cat_health.pdf@@}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
*\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
*Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
*effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
*with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
\label{fig:cats}
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
- Add a note
]

---

# Special Objects: Figures

\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig/cat_health.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{Cats Improve Health Outcomes Among 
Cat Lovers.} But too many cats has a negative 
effect on health outcomes. Smoothed curve fitted 
with \texttt{LOESS}. Data from Canada, $n=2{,}000$.}
@@\label{fig:cats}@@
\end{figure}
```
- Initialize figure environment:
  - `h`: a suggestion
  - `H`: force placement (`\usepackage{float}`)
- Import figure
- Add a note
- Identify for future reference
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{crr}
 Type & Number & Percent \\
\hline
 Cat  & 1870 & 93.5\% \\ 
 Dog  &  100 &  5.0\% \\  
 Bird &   30 &  1.5\% \\
\hline
Total & 2000 & 100\% 
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

]

.pull-right[
```
@@\begin{center}@@
\begin{tabular}{crr}
 Type & Number & Percent \\
\hline
 Cat  & 1870 & 93.5\% \\ 
 Dog  &  100 &  5.0\% \\  
 Bird &   30 &  1.5\% \\
\hline
Total & 2000 & 100\% 
\end{tabular}
@@\end{center}@@
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{center}
*\begin{tabular}{@@crr@@}
 Type & Number & Percent \\
\hline
 Cat  & 1870 & 93.5\% \\ 
 Dog  &  100 &  5.0\% \\  
 Bird &   30 &  1.5\% \\
\hline
Total & 2000 & 100\% 
*\end{tabular}
\end{center}
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

.pull-left[
- Centering
- `tabular` environment:
  - `c`: center
  - `l`: left
  - `r`: right
- Horizontal lines

]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{crr}
 Type & Number & Percent \\
@@\hline@@
 Cat  & 1870 & 93.5\% \\ 
 Dog  &  100 &  5.0\% \\  
 Bird &   30 &  1.5\% \\
@@\hline@@
Total & 2000 & 100\% 
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

.pull-left[
- Centering
- `tabular` environment:
  - `c`: center
  - `l`: left
  - `r`: right
- Horizontal lines
- Vertical lines

]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{@@c|r|r@@}
 Type & Number & Percent \\
\hline
 Cat  & 1870 & 93.5\% \\ 
 Dog  &  100 &  5.0\% \\  
 Bird &   30 &  1.5\% \\
\hline
Total & 2000 & 100\% 
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl_vertical.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

.pull-left[
- Centering
- `tabular` environment:
  - `c`: center
  - `l`: left
  - `r`: right
- Horizontal lines
- Vertical lines
- Columns

]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{crr}
 Type @@&@@ Number @@&@@ Percent \\
\hline
 Cat  @@&@@ 1870 @@&@@ 93.5\% \\ 
 Dog  @@&@@  100 @@&@@  5.0\% \\  
 Bird @@&@@   30 @@&@@  1.5\% \\
\hline
Total @@&@@ 2000 @@&@@ 100\% 
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables

.pull-left[
- Centering
- `tabular` environment:
  - `c`: center
  - `l`: left
  - `r`: right
- Horizontal lines
- Vertical lines
- Columns
- Caption

]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{table}
\caption{Respondents Owning Pets}
\label{tbl:pets}
\centering
*\begin{tabular}{crr}
* Type & Number & Percent \\
*\hline
* Cat  & 1870 & 93.5\% \\ 
* Dog  &  100 &  5.0\% \\  
* Bird &   30 &  1.5\% \\
*\hline
*Total & 2000 & 100\% 
*\end{tabular}
\end{table}
```
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/tbl_caption.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Special Objects: Tables
.pull-left[
In R:

``` r
library(stargazer)

model1 <- lm(Y ~ X + I(X^2), data = dat)
model2 <- lm(Y ~ (X + I(X^2)) * Z, data = dat)

tbl <- stargazer(model1,model2)

writeLines(tbl,"tbl/table.tex")
```
]

.pull-right[
```
\begin{table}[!htbp] \centering 
  \caption{} 
  \label{} 
\begin{tabular}{@{\extracolsep{5pt}}lcc} 
\\[-1.8ex]\hline 
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\textit{Dependent variable:}} \\ 
\cline{2-3} 
\\[-1.8ex] & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Y} \\ 
\\[-1.8ex] & (1) & (2)\\ 
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
 X & 0.588$^{***}$ & 0.124$^{***}$ \\ 
   & (0.026) & (0.026) \\ 
   & & \\ 
...
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
Observations & 2,000 & 2,000 \\ 
R$^{2}$ & 0.231 & 0.641 \\ 
...
\textit{Note:}  & \multicolumn{2}{r}{$^{*}$p$<$0.1; $^{**}$p$<$0.05; $^{***}$p$<$0.01} \\ 
\end{tabular} 
\end{table}
```

]

---

# Special Objects: Tables
.pull-left[
In R:

``` r
library(stargazer)

model1 <- lm(Y ~ X + I(X^2), data = dat)
model2 <- lm(Y ~ (X + I(X^2)) * Z, data = dat)

tbl <- stargazer(model1,model2)

writeLines(tbl,"tbl/table.tex")
```

]

---

# Special Objects: Equations

<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/eq.png" width="100%" />
```
\begin{equation}\label{eq:mod2}
    Y_i = \beta_0+\beta_1X_i+\beta_2X_i^2+\beta_3Z_i+\beta_4X_i\times Z_i+\beta_5X_i^2\times Z_i+\varepsilon
\end{equation}
```

---

# Special Objects: Equations

<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/eq.png" width="100%" />
```
@@\begin{equation}@@\label{eq:mod2}
    Y_i = \beta_0+\beta_1X_i+\beta_2X_i^2+\beta_3Z_i+\beta_4X_i\times Z_i+\beta_5X_i^2\times Z_i+\varepsilon
@@\end{equation}@@
```

---

# Special Objects: Equations

<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/eq.png" width="100%" />
```
\begin{equation}@@\label{eq:mod2}@@
    Y_i = \beta_0+\beta_1X_i+\beta_2X_i^2+\beta_3Z_i+\beta_4X_i\times Z_i+\beta_5X_i^2\times Z_i+\varepsilon
\end{equation}
```

---

# Special Objects: Equations

`\usepackage{amsmath}` for additional math environments.

---

# Special Objects: Math More Generally
.pull-left[
- Inline math: `$...$`
]

---

# Special Objects: Math More Generally
.pull-left[
- Inline math: `$...$`
- Display math: `$$`...`$$`
- A language in itself
]

---

# Special Objects: Math More Generally
.pull-left[
- Inline math: `$...$`
- Display math: `$$`...`$$`
- A language in itself
- Truly **the standard**
]

---

# Special Objects: Math More Generally
.pull-left[
- Inline math: `$...$`
- Display math: `$$`...`$$`
- A language in itself
- Truly **the standard**

Example of display math:
```
$$f(x)=\frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}
  e^{-\frac{(x-\mu)^2}{2\sigma^2}}$$
```

`$$f(x)=\frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}\,e^{-\frac{(x-\mu)^2}{2\sigma^2}}$$`
]

| Code | Result |
|:---|:---|
| `$\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta$` | `$\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta$` |
| `$\bar x=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^n x_i}{n}$` | `$\bar x=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^n x_i}{n}$` |
| `$\hat y_i = \alpha + \beta x_i + \varepsilon_i$` | `$\hat y_i = \alpha + \beta x_i + \varepsilon_i$` |
| `$H_0:\ \mu_1 = \mu_2$` | `$H_0:\ \mu_1 = \mu_2$` |
| `$\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}$` | `$\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}$` |
| `$\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} f(x)\,dx = 1$` | `$\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} f(x)\,dx = 1$` |
| `$\mathcal{L}=\prod_{i=1}^{n} f(x_i \mid \theta)$` | `$\mathcal{L}=\prod_{i=1}^{n} f(x_i \mid \theta)$` |
| `$X \sim \mathcal{N}(\mu, \sigma^2)$` | `$X \sim \mathcal{N}(\mu, \sigma^2)$` |
]

---

# Special Objects: Exercise

.pull-left[
- In `working.tex`
- Add `cat_dist.pdf` as a figure in the methods section
- Add a caption.

]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\section{Introduction}
\section{Theory}
*\section{Method}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# References and Bibliography

---

# References ??

---

# References

.pull-left[
- `ref{}`
- `label{}`
- *We construct a typology which we present in Table `\ref{tbl:typo}`.*
]

---

# References

.pull-left[
- `ref{}`
- `label{}`
- *We construct a typology which we present in Table `\ref{tbl:typo}`.*
- This works for almost everything.
  - Tables
  - Figures
  - Equations
  - Sections
  - Supplementary material
]

]

---

# Bibliography

Three things to handle:

1. How to cite?
2. How to produce the bibliography?
3. How to create a `.bib` file?

---

# Bibliography

.panelset[
.panel[.panel-name[Cite]
- `\citep{mccool2026}`: (McCoolface, 2026)
- `\citep[p.~26]{mccool2026}`: (McCoolface, 2026, p. 26)
- `\citet{mccool2026}`: McCoolface (2026)
- `\citeyear{mccool2026}`: 2026
- `\citeauthor{mccool2026}`: McCoolface
- `\citep{mccool2026,nofunson2024}`: (McCoolface, 2026; Nofunson, 2024)
]
.panel[.panel-name[Produce]
1. In preamble: `\bibliographystyle{apalike}`
2. Before `\end{document}`: `\bibliography{references}`

]
.panel[.panel-name[.bib File]

.pull-left[
- Entry type: `@article`
- Entry key: `adcock2001measurement`
- Document's information
- Zotero can produce those files for you.
  - Export Library `$\rightarrow$` format `BibTeX`
- Google Scholar has a `BibTeX` button.
]
.pull-right[
```
@article{adcock2001measurement,
  title={Measurement validity: A shared standard ...},
  author={Adcock, Robert and Collier, David},
  journal={American political science review},
  volume={95},
  number={3},
  pages={529--546},
  year={2001},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}
```
]

]
]

---

# Bibliography

<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/bib.png" width="100%" />
]

]

---

# Bibliography

Just change `\bibliographystyle{chicago}`.
]

]

---

# Bibliography

Just change `\bibliographystyle{chicago}`.
]

.pull-right[
<img src="data:image/png;base64,#img/magic.gif" width="70%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# References and Bibliography

.pull-left[
- In `working.tex`
- Go to Google Scholar
- Find *The hidden American immigration consensus: A conjoint analysis of attitudes toward immigrants*
  - Hainmueller and Hopkins
  - 2015
- Update the .bib file
- Cite it somewhere in the document
- Compile and make sure it got added to the bibliography

]

\usepackage{graphicx} %for figures
\usepackage{natbib}   %for bibliography
\bibliographystyle{apalike}

\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\title{A Very Clever Title}
\author{Gaby McCoolFace}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\section{Introduction}
\section{Theory}
\section{Method}

\bibliography{references.bib}

\end{document}

```
]

---

# Concluding Remarks

- Don't learn syntax!
- Ask google/AI when you face a bug.
- This is a start.

---

# Please reach out if you have any questions!

- Extra resources:
  - [Learn LaTeX in 30 minutes](https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Learn_LaTeX_in_30_minutes#What_is_LaTeX?)
  - [Learn LaTeX in five steps](https://cortex.corca.ai/docs/en/tutorial)
  - Google
  - Your AI agent of choice